Lineages in Nectriaceae: re-evaluating the generic status of Ilyonectria and allied genera

Genera with cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs are important pathogens of various herbaceous and
\nwoody plant hosts globally. Recent multi-gene studies of this generic complex indicated that the genus Ilyonectria
\nis paraphyletic. The present study was therefore initiated to re-evaluate the generic status of Ilyonectria and at the
\nsame time address some taxonomic irregularities in the genera Cylindrodendrum and Neonectria. Using multi-gene
\nDNA data and morphological comparisons, the genus Dactylonectria is introduced with 10 new combinations,
\nseveral of which were previously treated in Ilyonectria. Two new species, D. hordeicola and D. pinicola, are also
\ndescribed. Furthermore, one new combination is provided in the genus Cylindrodendrum, and three new combinations
\nin the genus Neonectria, for species previously treated in the genera Acremonium, Cylindrocarpon, Nectria and
\nNeonectria. The aquatic genus Heliscus is reduced to synonymy under Neonectria.